Introduction

As soon as you complete writing the outline of your dissertation, you can begin to transform it into something that relates to your research dissertation. When you follow the structure of the chapter, you can start with writing your introduction. The introduction has to include the statement of the problem and also the brief history of the problem. When writing the introduction, you must write something obvious. Make sure you use straightforward English. It is because this is the part that entices the readers to continue reading your work. You can also include why you are studying this particular topic and the question (research question).

Literature review

When proposing the research, you went ahead and got topics and journals you will use during your research. It is essential to give enough details about your work. It is because this will show that you are the one who did the work. Be careful with how you select your literature review. Your literature review must be in line with the topic you are going to study because anything is different from the use of a literature review.

Writing methodologies

Take an assumption, and the research board is going to approve your work. You go and look for your research through legit places so that your methods are very credible. After you get the paper, you will analyze or examine your work qualitatively and quantitatively.

Presenting findings

The crucial part of writing a dissertation is that you must know how to present your results. It is the place that will showcase how you think as a graduate. It is the point where your lecturers will know if you studied the work. At this point, you will have to rewrite the question, and you have to answer them. Make sure you discuss the results. It is essential to talk about the results that do not seem biased. Because this will help you know the direction you are heading in your research, it will also help you know how you concluded.

This section of the findings will assist you in answering the questions that you asked earlier. We cannot deny the fact that these new results are bringing up any new information. So you do not need to worry that your project is not working. We still call it a result, and you must report it.

Making Conclusions

It is the part that brings all that you are studying in your research in a summary form. In this section, it is vital that you elucidate your research’s effect and how it affects the community and the people around you. In your conclusion, you can also put the how the research can elevate to the next level. And also include some recommendations. Think of how you were doing your work. And look at the possibilities of how to make your work bigger and bigger.

Creating a bibliography

Make sure that you cite all the places where you got the information from. It is essential to do so. It is because you appreciate the efforts of the writers who did the work first. It is essential to recognize the efforts of the other writers.

Conclusion

When you finish your work, please edit and proofread it to check on the grammatical errors, spellings, and other mistakes.

How long is a dissertation?

Ph.D. dissertations lengths are one of the most asked questions. It is because students want to be sure of what they are answering. Someone can also ask how long a bachelor’s or masters’ thesis should be? 

As you being a student who is going to graduate, you must have finished your coursework and other requirements before you can think of researching and doing a dissertation. You need to know that no rule guides one to write a particular number of words for the dissertation. The number of words that you need for the dissertation depends on the university that you are from. In case you do not know the number of words you need, ask your lecturer for guidance.

However, there is no specific number of words that you need. When you follow the number of words for your essay, it doesn’t mean that you get the marks you need. But the university determines the number of words that you are to write for your dissertation. 

Where to look for the answer?

You have to visit your library and check for the manual about the template of the dissertation. That is when you will know the range of the word count that you need for the dissertation. There are times when you will forget to refer to the manual. When are you going through the book? It may not suggest the page number or the range of pages you are to write your articles.

After you have finished going through the templates, the next part is to begin the research. At this step, you can review various dissertations by the people who have done it before. Make your check for the world the department has accepted. The best kind of review would be the ones that your dissertation committee chaired. 

When do you look at about five dissertations that your committee reviewed? Then you will have an idea of what to do when making yours. You will know how to approach the dissertation and how you do your assignments. 

Now there are very many ways in which you can determine how long your dissertation will be. When you begin by putting a balance, the instructors will think that you have written a dissertation that is not finished if you write a short dissertation. And if you write a very long essay, your instructors will not have fun reading the dissertation.

Most universities have no minimum number of words that you must include in your dissertation. The reason for this is because most universities have different settings. Each university has its way of assignments. Some may give you a limit of 80,000 words, while other universities will decide for you to write 100,000 words. 

The thing that students should focus on is the defense of the paper. They should not focus on the length of the dissertation.

Conclusion

Whether long or short, what you have to keep in mind is you must pass the point across to your audience. It should be clear and concise.

Writing vs defense

Writing a dissertation is an equally complicated process than giving a defense. The difference is that writing requires more time and effort than defense. First of all, you have to choose the field of research and then find the problem statement on which you have to do the study. The writing has to be in detail and explain the history of the topic, methodology, results, and other researcher’s contributions in past years. Your job is to analyze every aspect and find the reasons behind it. 

Defense of the final dissertation is the next step after writing it. You have to present it in front of committee members and have a question-answer session with them. When your final dissertation is ready and you a ready to give a defense, then the time, date, and venue are decided for the defense. Defending your presentation does not mean you have to argue with members, all they want to see is your concepts and grip on the knowledge.

How to write the dissertation

Writing is first then it is defense. Writing is a major part of a dissertation because if you have any mistakes in it then you might not be ready for the defense. The members will suggest you make improvements and then assign you any date. Following are the points that will help you in writing a dissertation.

• Extensive and accurate research –You have to spend time studying literature, published papers, and books. The data you read or cite should be authentic and also add your opinion.
• Organize your data – After collecting data, organize it. This will help you to divide the data and write it in structural form.
• Get comments – After writing the dissertation, it is better to get some feedback from your professor. They will pinpoint your mistakes and recommend you to improve and may also highlight any questions or point that doesn’t come to your mind.
• Finalize the draft – The last part is to finalize your draft so that you can ready yourself for defense. The draft doesn’t have any mistakes and you should be satisfied with it.

Giving presentation of the dissertation

After writing comes to defend your data, research, and face questions and criticism to your dissertation. To get a doctoral degree, you have to pass this defense stage. All you need is to change your perspective of seeing it as challenging. Following are tips that will help you to prepare:

• Do some practice – To deliver defense flawlessly, all you need to do is practice. Practice will highlight your mistakes and boost your confidence. Also consider giving your presentation to your friends, colleagues, and supervisor.
• Prepared for some criticism – Committee members are not there to appraise your doctoral performance. Instead, they are looking that you are ready for academia or not. You have to face some criticism and have to respond to them correctly.
• Avoid staying late at night – Staying late at night will make you nervous on your day of defense and also affect you psychologically. So it is better to get some rest and sleep for better performance.  

You should also remember that the one big obstacle to complete anything is always psychological. You, therefore, need to conduct a lot of research for your paper, and by the time you start writing the dissertation, you will have already done very many essays and presentations. In the long run, a dissertation is a compilation of revised papers to harmonize the unity of concepts.

You must start by choosing your interest topic and ensure that the issue you select is doable. A good subject is neither too broad nor too narrow because that will result in too total failure. Ensure that you organize the dissertation with its chapters forming around your questions.

Reasons why students do no complete dissertations

• It seems overwhelming

Writing a dissertation may seem like a daunting task because it requires you to be in your right mind and also involves conducting a lot of research that can make you burn out if you’re not ready for the task. To solve this, get help at dissertationteam.com service and ensure that you break your project into smaller chunks which you can manage easily.

• Unclear deadlines

Most students tend to forget about the deadlines that they are supposed to submit their paper before, and therefore they tend to rush during the last moments of their research to beat the deadline. If you are one of these students and want it to be easy on you, ensure that you put work on the subsections to predict the finish time and easily manage them in a day.

• Negative thoughts

Most students tend to get overpowered by their negative thoughts, especially if they have reached a dead-end topic. You need not stress because that will only result in bad results. Ensure that you put off your internal critic by ignoring your negative thoughts. You can also overcome the feelings you have concerning inadequacy, and you can do this by breaking down the subject into manageable chunks and subsections. Be sure to refuse to bow down to perfectionism because you need to write something on the paper before editing it to perfect it.

• Isolation

Most students tend to work in isolated areas, which makes them alone for most of writing the dissertation, and that can lead to making a lot of mistakes, especially if you trust only yourself. Ensure that you find studying boards or groups with your friends or colleagues So that you can exchange ideas and trade notes.

• Anxiety

Most students tend to become anxious, especially when they’re waiting for their mentors’ or Supervisors’ reactions. They may get worried about whatever work they have done, and as they are waiting for their reply or feedback, some of them get overly anxious, which is not a good thing while writing your dissertation. Become a professional to solve the issue with anxiety. You can achieve this way by assigning every chapter a mentor to get additional comments on the same. 

Set small goals to finish your dissertation

As you write your dissertation, you must understand that it is a vast project that will take you a lot of effort and time to finish. To avoid feeling burned out, ensure that you divide your walk into small chunks and the set manageable goals that you can reach. For example, writing the second chapter in a day can be a little bit over-rehearsed.  Ensure that you set goals that you can quickly achieve by writing subsections or sections within a given day and then go to the next section after you finish. 

The master’s thesis

As more and more students tend to research some of the available programs for masters in the discipline line, it gets pretty common to find that several degrees require students to write a dissertation more so if they want to get involved in a field that requires research.

The master’s dissertation piece of original scholarship allows students to Dwell deep into a given topic and consequently produce a document that highlights the growth of their knowledge throughout the program they are pursuing. These documents would require independent research, which is significant with secondary and primary sources, depending on the topic or subject. You may get necessary to conduct interviews or go for service to bolster your argument.

Institutions and departments tend to dictate how long it will be, but mostly they range from about 60 to 100 pages in length, or when you put it in words, it spans about 20000 to 40000 words in length. It may seem overwhelming to tackle such a document, especially if you’re doing it for the first time, but students do not need to get afraid. All candidates for masters receive an adviser in line with their faculty as early as they step into the college to help them get feedback and guide them throughout the writing process. The last dissertation that you type of friend should be of high quality, and if you’re a student and you want to Garner the highest grade, you need to send at least some excerpts to your supervisor as you continue writing so that they can gauge whether you are on the right path or not.

• Choosing the topic

When you are choosing the topic for your dissertation, remember that no formula gets used. Instead, ensure that you follow through with your interests and do some extensive reading on that particular topic so that you can be able to get a great sense of whatever it is you want to do. Normalize speaking to other scholars in the same field or working on it to familiarize yourself with the ongoing projects. You should only start looking for angles that are not covered after you feel, but you have done extensive research.

• Formatting

When it comes to formatting, ensure that you check with your departments and school because they have unique ways or requirements for formatting guidelines. After you complete writing your dissertation, some programs would require you to step in for an oral defense in front of a committee, as others will just read your document and issue the grade. Ensure that you are constantly checking with your schools to get a clear picture of the procedure to get taken.

So, how to decide?

The decision for you to complete a thesis or non-thesis master’s degree is entirely dependent on you. You need to think carefully about the choice you want to make, and you should look at various aspects and a wide range of elements before you make your final decision. Ensure that you have your plan while making a decision not to feel left out in the future. Try reaching out to faculty or departments to ensure that you’re on the right track because it will give you the proper knowledge as you try to expand the network in your field.

Get a bachelor’s degree in psychology

To become a psychologist, you need to have a graduate degree, and you will therefore need to have a bachelor’s degree before you consider advanced training. A psychology degree is one of the recommendations for becoming a psychologist because it will provide you with insights into the subject and prepare for your advancement in the discipline. Still, it is not entirely necessary to acquire one. Since you don’t need to major in psychology to get released from a psychologist, most doctorate programs require some prerequisites for checking with the advisor that stands in for you and finds out there once that you should take. After you have all this information at hand, a double major or a minor can be an ideal way to fill up the requirements for your Graduate School as you study other subjects that you have a passion for. 

Choose a specialty and finish a program of doctorate

After getting done with your bachelor’s degree, you need to focus on picking a thing or enrolling in a graduate program in line with your interests. You can choose from developmental psychology or clinical psychology, which include clinical components and research. Most universities tend to combine a Master’s program and a doctoral program in a single program for the degree, while other schools tend to offer them individually. Since most of the plans for Masters tend to last for about two or three years and most doctorate programs may span for between five or seven years, you need to get prepared to study for longer if you want to achieve a doctorate. Ensure that you take a vast range of courses or classes as you refine your research interest if you’re going to make the most out of your academic years. 

Enroll for a psychology internship

Before getting a license to practice psychology in your area, you’ll have to finish an internship that lasts for two years which is primarily post-doctoral. The training is focused mainly on expanding your experience in the clinic and ensuring that you are a qualified psychologist able to treat a wide range of patients. It also gives you the knowledge that you need to become the best in your field. The internships get geared to help you develop some of the skills you will require to become a psychologist. The training will go a long way in ensuring that you have some of the best gifts, and it also helps you become competent with your fellows in your field. It will also give you the feel of professionalism because you’ll be working with actual patients, and you will be in the area as other nurses or medical practitioners.

Acquire a license to practice

After completing your doctorate program and the internship, you’ll now be ready to receive your license to become a certified psychologist. To do that, you will have to pass an exam for national licensing, and you also need to meet all the requirements that are in line with your specific state. Psychology is a field with an array of opportunities for any individual interested in mental health. If you follow the above steps and know how to build yourself to get ready for success, you will create a career that will impact your life and the lives of the patients you’ll be treating. Having a license will give you the go-ahead to practice psychology in your area of interest and your state, and that will go a long way to make sure that you don’t have any hitches whatsoever. 

In this article, we’ll be looking at the various ways you can present your findings and discussion so that it arrests readers’ attention and shows the level of work you have done in the subject area and what others have done before you. Simply put, dissertation findings and discussion sections allow you to bridge the gap between existing research and discoveries.

Bear in mind that in a shorter dissertation, the findings and discussion sections come out as one chapter, but in longer pieces of work, it might make sense to have them in separate chapters.

This section will use the model of Description – Analysis – Synthesis, which are the three basic components that readers expect to see in these sections (findings and discussion).

1. Introducing your findings

The chapter containing your findings is likely to make up most of your paper and make up to 40% of your entire dissertation. Suffice to say, this chapter constitutes a chunk of your whole thesis, and therefore, you must ensure that this chapter begins with a logical and organized introduction.

Your introduction must contain all of the following components;

• Reminding the reader of what you want to achieve
• Eplain how you plan to come up with the write up of the results
• Place the research into context
• Letting the reader know where the research instruments are (i.e., the Appendix)

2. Organization of data

To organize your data so that the reader understands what information you are trying to convey, create a unique outline for your findings, and highlight the information you believe is the most important for your project.

3. Employ the use of Subheadings

Another common mistake which students make is trying to do too much in one chapter or under one heading. Break down your work with subheadings; it not only gives clarity, but it also makes reading more simple and understanding relatively easy.

4. Presentation of qualitative data

Qualitative data presentation is another very important requirement of a good dissertation as it encompasses longer and detailed responses regarding your work. For findings such as interviews, observations, this is where you present them.

5. Presentation of quantitative data

The presentation of quantitative data goes beyond presenting numbers and tables. As important as they are, you must also be mindful of their usage because quantitative data poses the risk of overwhelming readers with statistics, numbers, and percentages. Also, bear in mind that the numeric and data presentation style is dependent on the department you are submitting to. For example, while Arts and Humanities require lesser numeric input, the expectation in sciences are opposite.

6. Linking to previous chapters

Presenting our analysis will be the most challenging aspect of our dissertation; however, your chapters and discussion need to be long enough to show how your research findings link to previous research.

What is scholarly referencing?

Scholarly referencing here refers to conventions used to direct readers towards specific information sources, data, and statistics that you have quoted or cited in your work. Referencing is a major criterion when writing an academic project, not just because it adds credibility to your body of work; it also helps the reader understand your premise better because these references aid them when they embark on further reading.

Why and when do I reference?

There are several reasons why referencing is an important requirement in scholarly work and dissertation writing, but the most important is avoiding plagiarism.

1. To avoid plagiarism

The primary reason why referencing is a requirement in every university is to avoid plagiarism. Plagiarism is the indiscriminate lifting of information and publishing them under your name without giving due credits to the original author. In most countries of the world, plagiarism is intellectual theft and is considered a crime. Hence referencing became important, not just to reference other people’s work but also to contain data, paraphrases, and schools of thought on a particular topic.

2. What referencing system do I use?

There are several referencing systems and techniques you can employ, depending on your field of study. For example, in Arts and Humanities, the most acceptable referencing system is the parenthetical referencing and footnote references. In contrast, the most common system is the parenthetical and numerical referencing styles in sciences and social sciences.

How to reference your sources effectively and consistently?

1. Use software to help you

Numerous software can help you correctly reference your work, such as Zotero, EndNote, RefWorks, and so on. While EndNote and RefWorks offer subscription and unlimited access to numerous features, Zotero is a free-to-use software and offers far less sophistication and far fewer citation formats. At https://www.thesishelpers.com you can get your needs fully covered by experienced dissertation assistants.

2. General Referencing

There are specific referencing styles and systems. There is a standard procedure for referencing your work. These procedures are a list of things your references must contain, regardless of discipline or referencing method employed;

• The author of the work
• The title of the work
• The type of publication (e.g., the whole book, book chapter, webpage, journal article, etc.)
• Date and year of publication
• The publisher and place of publication
• If applicable, additional details (volume and issue number, page range) enable your reader to find the specific source.

Note that while every discipline has its way of reference, this is very consistent, the reason why referencing is important, and the details your referencing must contain.